ROSH HASHANA, 5780

Yossi Lhungdim

Drasha U'Halakha

Drasha:

Rosh Hashana hi ihetsa ma bang uva Yom Teruah – Sumkon Mutni ti'n jong akihei. Chuleh Sumkon Mutni akiti hih nama'n hiche nikho toh kitoh a bol ding Mitzvot ho lah'a loupi tah maijen khat chu Shofar mutding hi ahi.

Gemara, Masechet Rosh Hashana 19A ah Rabbi Yitzkhak in hiti'n asei e:
Ipi atileh Rosh Hashana tieng toumun a Shofar kimut a chujong leh dinmun a jong kimut kit a ham? Satan lheplhahna ding'a kibol ah ahi.

Tosfot in "Satan lheplhahna ding'a kibol ah ahi" tichu Talmud Yerushalmi pansan in hitin ahilchen e:
Khonung tieng leh P-thien in Satan chu ahin suhmang ding; Chuleh chuche nikho hung lhung tieng leh chun, Yishayahu 27:13 a kisun "sumkon gimnei hung kimut ding" kiti bang'a P-thien in Satan chu atha masang'a Shofar gimnei tah ahin mut ding ah ahi e. Hiti'a chu Rosh Hashana hung lhung tieng leh hin Shofar nivei kimut ji ah ahi. Ajehchu Shofar masapa kimut gin chu Satan in ajah tieng athi nikho chu hung lhung khattou a hitam ti'n atija pan ji ta'n. Hinlah Shofar kimoh mut-mut khattou hinte ti'n akilhamon kit ji e. Hinlah Shofar kimut aninapa ahin jah tieng leh vang tijatna'n aluodim ji ta'n, Am Israel te kitrug bol ding'a akisah lai jieng jong chu ahaimil ji ta'n ahi.

Langkhat a Rashi in hilchetna chuom beleh khat ape kit e.
Rashi Hakadosh in hiche Gemara a Rabbi Yikzkhak thusei ahilchetna ah hitin ati:
 Israel te'n P-thien thupeh Mitzvah pa angailut dan u le ahomtho dan u amu tieng ahehse ding uva kigo lai Satan chu akam akihup peh ji tai.

Rashi thusei pahi ipi aseina ham itileh hiti ahi: Am Israel te'n Shofar mutding Mitzvah pa angailut dan uchu P-thien in khatvei bou amut ding uva thu apeh a ahin; hinlah amaho'n hiche P-thien thupeh pa chu angailut vaal u leh ahomtho vaal jeh uvin Shofar chu khatvei bep hilou in, nivei jen amut uve.
Am Israel te'n P-thien thupeh angailut dan pau chu amaho hehse ding'a kigo dip-dep lai Satan chun amutieng seiding ima helou in akam akihup ji tai ti ahi.

Ahileh hilai a Shofar nivei jen kimut pa hi Tosfot ahung in Kushiya khat ahung seplha tai.
Tosfot in hitin dohna asem e,"Torah a kuon Shofar mut ding thupeh pa chu Khatvei imut a ahileh thupeh chu kisubulhit ah ahitai. Chuti ahileh avel vel a imut uva chu Torah thupeh khat ma 'Nang ho'n hiche kathupeh hohi nabelap theilou ding uva ahi' kiti chu kipalkeh a hitalou aham? ".

Tosfot in hiti'n hilchetna ape e:
Henge, Torah in P-thien thupeh hochu "ibelap" ding u aphalpoi. Hinlah hetding chu hiche thupeh "belap lou ding" kiti pa hi ipi kiseina ham iti leh eima'n eima thusah tah'a thilthah, aumkhalou beh khat ikibelap a ahileh hichu P-thien in ajahda aseina ahibou e. Hijieng jong leh Mitzvah khat chu avel avel a ibol a ahileh hiche Mitzvah Lo'Ta-aseh hin ahuoptha poi.
Vetsahna a Succoth lai leh nikhat sung'a Lulav avel avel a vei; Kohen in Beith Knesset a kikhom ho chu nikhat sung'a vel ijat ham Phatthei aboh; Chule Rosh Hashana ni'a sumkon avel avel a kimut hohi hiche Bal Tosif in ahuoppoi. Ajehchu hiche ho'a hi thil thah ima kibelap umlou ah ahi e.

Ahileh tu'n Rashi hilchetna hi vekit leuhen, lungdon umtah khat chu ipi atileh Shofar nivei akimut man a chu Satan in Am Israel te hehse ding agot lai chu akam akihup jieng a hintem?

Ba'al Ha-Hafla'ah ti'a jong kihe, Rabbi Pinkhas HaLevi Horowitz in hiche Rashi thusei pahi Masechet Yoma pansan in hitin hilchetna apei:
Masechet Yoma 86B a Khazal ho'n hitin asei uve,"Mikhat chun Tshuva Me'yirah (kichatna a kuon hung kuon kisihna) anei leh henasa-sa a asuhkhel hochu hetkhel jeh'a asuhkhel in akiheidoh peh in; Hinlah mikhat chun Tshuva Mi'Ahavah (ngailutna a kuon hung kuon kisihna) anei a ahileh henasa-sa a anasuhkhel ho jieng jong chu Z'khut (athilphabol jaal a pansahna thei) in akiheidoh peh e…".
Chuleh Rashi sei bang'a Am Israel te'n Shofar nivei jen (P-thien thupeh chungchon a ) amut uhi'n Mitzvah angailut dan u leh ahomtho dan u avetsah a ahi'n. Hichun ipi avetsah kit em itileh Am Israel te'n P-thien thupeh pachu ngailutna jaal a asuhbulhit uva,  chule a Tshuva – kisihna nei pau jong chu Tshuva Me'yirah hilou a Tshuva Mi'Ahavah pa ahidan phatecha aphotchen a ahi.
Hiche Am Israel te'n Tshuva Mi'Ahavah  anei pau chu Satan in amu tieng, amaho hehse ding'a akigot lai hijieng jong leh thipmang ji ah ahitai. Ajehchu Am Israel te suhmolphou tei ding ti'n phatchesa a asuhkhel-abolkhel hou jouse chu P-thien ang'ah hin luoidoh taleh, koi setna ding aboldoh malah, a lungtup toh kikhedel a thil sohdoh ding; Am Israel te'n Tshuva Mi'Ahavah ananei man tah jaal uva Satan thilse lhut jouse chu amaho (Am Israel te) Z'khut joh a kiheidoh ding ah ahitai. Mi hehse ding kigo pa chun koi hehset malah Am Israel te ding'a thilpha tamtah joh aboldoh lo bep ding a ahi e.
Hitobang dinmun a chu Satan miphalou pa'n ipi agel em itileh, "thipbet in ki-um tang kate" ati'a akam akihup del ji ah ahitai.

Ipi hileh eiho'n jong kisihna dihtah, Tshuva Mi'Ahavah pa ineithei uva, Rosh Hashana ni tieng leh phatchesa a ina sohkhel hou jouse chunglang a eiho Z'khut a akiheidoh theina ding in ima jouse bolthei a P-thien chun phatthei eiboh cheh tauhen o.

Halakha:
Rosh Hashana, Yom Tov Rishon ni  le Yom Tov Sheni jaan Kiddush a neh ding ann huon ding daan:

- Shabbat le Yom Tov Halakha hi akikhetna umlou tithei ahi. Amani kibahlouna lenpen chu ahileh Shabbat ni a hi Okhel Nefesh jieng jong kiphallou a, hinlah Yom Tov tieng leh vang Okhle Nefesh toh kisai Malakha ho phal ahiuve. Hichu ipi kiseina ham iti leh Yom Tov nikho tieng leh anikho ngei a ineh ding neh-le-chah ho sem phal ahi e.

- Yom Tov ni a hi Okhel Nefesh toh kisai Malakha ho phal hijieng jong leh hetding kit chu Hakhanah mi'Yom Tov le Khol – tichu Yom Khol ni'a ingaichat thil khat chu chuche Yom Tov ni a guon/sem ding phal ahipoi. Khuti ahileh Yom Tov ni'a ann huon phal ahi'e ti man a nikho dang'a ding ann ho kihuon doh phal ahikit poi. A Yom Tov ni'a ineh ding pa bou phal ahi e.

- Ahileh Rosh Hashana bang'a Yom Tov Ni ahung um tieng Yom Tov Rishon leh Yom Tov Sheni a neh ding ann kihuon doh masat thei hintem??
Amasapen a hetding chu PHAL AHIPOI.
Anina a hetding chu ahuon ding daan ihet leh PHAL AHI E.

- Tua hi iti ihuon leh phal ham ti ihin sei diuva ahi.
Halakha Le-ma'aseh a inei uchu ipi ham itileh Yom Khol ni'a ding thil khat chu Yom Tov ni'a guon/sem masat phal ahipoi ti ahi. Hiche hin neh-le-chah sem jong ahuoptha ah ahi e.
Langkhat a Halakha in asei kit chu ipi ham itileh Yom Tov ni jingkah Seudat Shakharith a ineh ding ann pa ihuon tieng beel lentah sung'a tamtah, eima'n ingaichat sang'a tamjo le avaal set a huon a, ajing Yom Khol a ding toh huon kop thei a ahitai.  
Hinlah hetding chu ann ihuon tieng "Jing a ding pum a kahuon ahi e.." ti'a ikamcheng tah a seidoh lou ding ti ahi. Chujong leh hiche hi beel khat sung'a kihuon bou kiphal a chujong leh Seudat Shakharith pa ineh tokah se bou phal ahi e. Seudat Shakharith ineh chai nung'a ann hung kihuon kit ahitah leh vang avaalset a huon a, Yom Khol a ding toh huontha chu phal ahitapoi.
Hiche hi Yom Tov apat Yom Khol toh kisai daan ahi.

- Tu'n Yom Tov Rishon ni tieng  Yom Tov Sheni jaan Kiddush a neh ding ann iti huon ding ham ti veu hite. (Yom Tov Sheni jaan Kiddush a neh ding katina pa hi ahileh ajeh chu hiche pa hi boi um dehset ji a ahi. Ajehchu Yom Tov Rishon kichai tokah se chu ajing Yom Tov Sheni a ding'a ann huon phal hilou lai tina ahi. Ahileh Arvith a pasal ho kiche ta, inn a um Numei ho'n Tzet Kokhavim a ann ahin huon pan uleh Kiddush ahung kibol chai tieng jong leh bu-le-me ho min ji lou lai; hitachu ann ihin neh tieng jaan anasot man ji ah ahitai. Chapang neiho ding'a boihoi dehset ji'a ahi e. )

- Yom Tov Sheni jaan Kiddush a neh ding ann chu itileh Yom Tov Rishon ni'a akihuon doh the idem ti daan chu chung'a kisun, Yom Khol ni'a neh ding huon doh ding daan kisei toh thakhat tobang ahi. HInlah akikhetna ijat ham aum e.
Akibahna hochu ahileh…
            # Yom Tov Rishon ni Seudat Shakharith a ineh ding ann ihuon phat tieng leh bou huon phal ahi e. Seudat Shakharith nehchai nung'a ann kihuon ho a vang phal ahitapoi.
            # Chukit leh ann chu Yom Tov Rishon Seudat Shakharit a ingaichat sang'a tamjo a, a vaalset a huon ding ahi e.

Langkhat a Yom Khol a neh ding leh Yom Khol a neh ding ahuon daana hung kibahlouna chu…
            # Chunglang a Yom Khol toh kisai'a isei uchu ahileh Beel len khat bou a huon phal ahi. Chuleh Yom Tov Sheni toh kisai a jong hin Poskim khenkhat ngaidan a Beel khat bou a Yom Tov Rishon Seudat Shakharith a neh ding ann toh chun huon khom ding ti ahi. Hijieng jong leh Minhag Israel ahileh vang beel ni le thum a jong huon phal ahi ti ngaidan chepi Poskim ho Halakha pa joh akichepi e.

Hinlah hilai a hetding chu beel ni le thum naman a ahitah leh bu-le-me kihuon ho jouse chu Yom Tov Rishon jingkah Seudat Shakharith tieng themkhat beh (Kazait ti beh) naneh tei-tei ngai ding a ahi. Hita chu nabol a ahileh Yom Tov Rishon a ding'a nahuon a, avaal ho ajing Yom Tov Sheni a naneh toh thakhat hi a, chutieng chuleh Hakhanah Mi'Yom Tov Rishon le Yom Tov Sheni ahina umlou ding ah ahitai.

- Ahileh ipi ding'a Yom Tov nikho jingkah Shakharith tieng bu-le-me tamtah ihuon leh avaal hochu nikho dang a jong neh phal hintem?
Ann avaal set a kihuon pa chungchang a hi thil chini kisutuo a, hiche a kuon a chu Poskim ho'n ahin phal thei uva ahi e.
# Amasapen a Ma'aseh Ekhad – Thakhat a kibol khom ahitah jeh a chu hilai a hi atumbeleh a Malakha dang khat kibol a kisim theilou a ahi.  Yom Tov Rishon ni a neh ding kisem toh thakhat a ahi'n, lungsa-ihna thei ima aumpo'n ahi.
# Anina a Mashbiakh eth ha'Ma-akhal – Hichu ipi kiseina ham itileh bu-le-me hochu akihuonkhom tam lai se hichun ann kihuon chu a-elna apeh be jing a, themcha kihuon sang'a chu ga tuijo teiji a ahi e. Tekahna sa/nga bang chu ihuon a ahitah leh a sa/nga atam laise a-elna kibe a tui jo cheh ji a ahi. Hiti a chu Yom Tov Rishon Seudat Shakharith a neh ding ann pa chu tamtah nahuon tieng, na kavannah chu ahileh avaal ho ajing a naneh ding hita jong leh, hichun nathil huon pa chu atui joh sah cheh toh kilhon a hitobang a kihuon ann chu phal ahi e.

** Ahileh ipi ding'a Seudat Shakharith neh jou nung'a ann ihuon a ahileh avaal tamtah um ding'a huon chu phallou hintem? (tichu avaal aum leh nidang a neh ding ti hisap a)
- Ajehchu hilai a hi "Isur Ha-aramah" – tichu thilkhat avum-avaal a kibol ahidan hetthei leu a aum tah jeh ahi. Jingkah Seudat Shakharith pa ineh tokah se a chu ann tamtah ihuon a ahitah jong leh sun/nilhah lang a ineh ding pum a kihuon a kilathei nalai ah ahi e. Hinlah Yom Tov ni Seudat Shakharith nehchai jou nung'a ann hung kihuon chu  avaalset a ihuon kalse anikho a ding'a kingaicha lou ann kihuon ahi pachu kilangvaal/dohvaal ah ahita'n; hitobang dinmun a chu Halakha in thil kibol chu aphallou ah ahitai.
Hijeh a chu Yom Tov ni a chu nidang a neh ding toh Yom Tov ni a neh ding ihunkhom nuom a ahileh tamtah huon ding ahivang'a Seudat Shakharith ineh ma ngei a huon doh ding ahi e.

NB – Halakha hung kisun hi Veten Khelkenu - Sefer Limud Yomi a kuon hung kiladoh ahi'n. Chuleh amaho'n tuchung'a isut u Halakha ho ahin lahdoh nau ahileh Shulkhan Arukh, Kaf Hakhayim chule Mishna Berurah akuon ahi e. Eiho chepi Halakha hi alhangpi a Yalkut Yosef ahitoh kilhon a akikal aum khadem ti'a kivetoh a, aumlou phat a juithei ahi e ti'a iphatchuomna ding uva hung kitahlang ah ahi e.

                        Shana Tova U'Metukah. She'nikatev kulanu besefer Ha'Khayim.